Skip to main content

Open Access Week Update

This year, Athabasca University will again be celebrating Open Access Week, with a series of free and ‘open’ noon hour (MDT) web casts.

The theme for the 2012 Open Access Week is “Set the Default to Open Access”.  Athabasca University is proud to participate in its fourth international Open Access Week, between October 22-28, 2012 to broaden awareness and understanding of open access issues.

This event is sponsored by the UNESCO/Commonwealth of Learning Chair in Open Educational Resources (OER), Dr. Rory McGreal and Athabasca University/ The format consists of a series of noon hour webcasts exploring major issues and opportunities of Open Access and Open Educational Resources. Each session will feature an internationally known promoter and developer of open educational resources, research, or ideas.

For more information, visit http://openaccess.athabascau.ca or contact Tony Tin at tonyt@athabascau.ca.

  • Monday, October 22nd OER and Mobile Learning Dr. Rory McGreal The OER university: A sustainable model for more affordable education futures Dr. Wayne Mackintosh
  • Tuesday, October 23rd Open Access and Public Policy Dr. Frits Pannekoek
  • Wednesday, October 24th “Open and Closed” Getting the mix right. Who gets to Decide?? Dr. Jon Dron Dr. Terry Anderson Dr. George Siemens
  • Thursday, October 25th Integrating openness in course design Dr. Cindy Ives  and Much Open Online Content (mooc) Mr. Steve Schafer
  • Friday, October 26th Sleeping with the Elephant – Leveraging AU’s Position through Open Courseware Dr. Martin Connors Contribution of AU’s e-Lab initiative to Open Access and OER Development Dr. Evelyn Ellerman Athabasca River Basin Research Institute Repository: Enhancing open access, education and research Dr. Lisa Carter

I hope to ‘see’ many of you there.

on edited book chapters

Over the last couple of weeks I’ve had occasion to think about authoring and editing contributions to edited books. In this post, I’ll releate these incidents and then try to draw some conclusions.

1. Olaf Zawkler Richter and I have been working for the past 16 months on an edited book tentatively titled Towards a Research Agenda in Online Education. The chapter topics were chosen through a  systematic examination of the top issues in the distance education literature during the past decade. We then contacted the “grandest guru” in each of these research topics and asked them to write a chapter summarizing the issues and outlining a research agenda in that area. Of course, they weren’t all willing to do so- no coincidence that the most accomplished people are also the busiest!. But we were very pleased with the list of authors who agreed to author a chapter for us. Of course they didn’t all come in on the due date, but we  were pleased with the results. Olaf and I edited each chapter and each was sent back for revisions, and soon the book was ready for a publisher.

Both Olaf and I were committed to publishing in an open access press and  perhaps this choice of publisher influenced the the high participation rate of our ‘gurus. Thus. we choose Athabasca University Press for submission. The manuscript was reviewed internally and then sent for external review. Last week (about three months later) the reviews came back. One of the reviewers was particularly hard on some chapters and his comments were described by one of our authors as “boorish and ad hominem”. Nonetheless they were useful and will result in edits to most of the chapters.

So hopefully in the New Year, I will be announcing the availability of this book through AUPress.Read More

Interesting network analysis of a c-Mooc

Thanks to Stephen Downes for this link on OLDaily to a short 15 second video from CBlissMath  illustrating the connectivity of participants in a c-MOOC. In this case the MOOC was CMC11, which described itself as a connectivist MOOC that focuses on sharing and building knowledge on connectivism and PLE’s. Unlike x-MOOCs such as sponsored by CoursEra, MITx and others, c-MOOCs (origionally designed by Downes, Cormier and Siemens) explicitly focus on the development of networks of participants and objects(see Rodriguez for more on c and x- MOOCs).  The x-MOOCs seem to follow a content centric model that some would call an instructivist pedagogy (or what Jon Dron and I referred to as Cognitive-Behaviourist pedagogy, in an IRRODL article from last year).

However what the video using Gephi network software illustrates is the large number of totally unconnected nodes that seem to make up the majority of the MOOC participants. Now, I realize there is some limited value to the participants of being a 100% lurker (I’ve done it myself on more than one MOOC), but it is especially ironical when the c-MOOCs, focused on connectivty, seem to demonstrate less connectivity (or at least engagement) than the x-MOOCs – especially if one counts as engagement submission of assignments or exercises to be marked by machines. I’ve long argued that such learner-content interaction can (and often is) a critical and if done well, a perfectly satisfactory form of learning  and ca even be considered equivalent to other higher costs forms of learning (see our Interaction Equivalency site)

In a recent post Phil Hill identified four barriers that MOOCs have to overcome – one of which was high drop out rate. Daphe Koller co-founder of CoursEra has argued  in an Inside Higher Ed post that “The [students] who drop out early do not add substantially to the cost of delivering the course,” she says. The most expensive students are the ones who stick around long enough to take the final, and those are the ones most likely to pay for a certificate.” So in both models of MOOC (as evidenced by the ;’massive’ in the acronym) adding a few hundred or a few thousand non participating students is easily done at extremely low cost. This does however demonstrate accomplishment or learning.

But distance educators have for decades struggled with ways to interpret high drop out rates associated with most forms of distance education. We have rationalized that “the student got what they wanted, even if they dropped out”, blamed the students for not being committed or being deficient in a variety of academic or personal skills or aptitudes, and made excuses about the definition of drop out (as compared to campus students). But it does raise the issue of personal as well as financial costs. Do non-engaged participants walk away with a sense of personal failure, a conformation of their not being smart enough to take a course, guilt that they hadn’t “made the time” or expended the necessary effort,  or did they indeed get what they paid for (in the case of MOOCs,  nothing!).

Lots more research needs to be done, but undoubtedly these demonstrations of scalability, unmatched since the impressive efforts of the Open Universities in the 1980’s, are hopeful signs that evidence a potential solution for the greater than inflation cost increases in higher education that we have seen for the last twenty years. However, lets not ignore the decades of research on drop out that these same open universities and distance education scholars have been gathering to insure that we are not just inventing more options for those minority of gifted and privileged students who can and do succeed under any form of higher education.

Comments on Promoting and assessing value communities and networks

Earlier this month Jon Dron and I were attending and keynoting at the Networked Learning conference in Maastricht Holland and I had the pleasure of meeting and socializing with Etienne Wenger (of Community of Practice fame) and Maarten de Laat from the Open University of the Netherlands.  I also picked up a copy of a very interesting paper, that I comment on below. The report was released last year and covered by  a number of bloggers including Steven Downes, but not surprisingly, such  information becomes relevant and important when it serves to inform or address a problem or something in my  immediate context. The report is especially relevant as we try to document and assess the value of the elgg based social networking system (Athabasca Landing) that we are building to expand distance education to informal learning for students and staff at Athabasca University.

The 56 page report Promoting and assessing value creation in communities and networks: a conceptual framework was co-authored by Etienne Wenger, Beverly Trayner and Maarten de Laat and its production was supported by the Dutch Ministry fo Education.  The report consists of  quite lengthy differentiation between communities (short for Communities of Practice) and networks. These distinctions are not unlike those Jon Dron and I have made (2007), but we prefer to call social entities defined by strong bonds and a commonly felt and articulated sense of common purpose as groups, since communities has so many different meanings and connotations. However, we certainly agree that groups and networks are different social beasts and that a network  can develop into a group and vice versa. The report distinguishes the different types of membership,  leadership  and organizational structure that defines both entities.Read More

New Edition of IRRODL

I am please to announce issue 13(2) of the International Review of Research in Open and Distance Education has been distributed to our over 5,600 email subscribers today.  I’ve pasted the table of contents below, but it looks prettier (with pictures!) if you go directly to www.irrodl.org

 

As you see there are 9 research articles, 2 field notes and a new section focussed on leadership in open and distance education.  As I noted in my editorial, I am really pleased to see that IRRODL continues to be an International Journal with articles this issue from  Japan, USA, Nigeria, Switzerland, Spain, Catalonia (Spain), Turkey, Iran, Canada, and Malaysia.

Thanks to all the authors, reviewers and of course our hard working Managing editor Brigette for what I think is a very good issue – enjoy!

Terry

Vol 13, No 2 (2012)

Table of Contents

Editorial

Editorial: Volume 13, Number 2 HTML PDF MP3 EPUB
Terry Anderson i-iv

Research Articles

Asian learners’ perception of quality in distance education and gender differences HTML PDF MP3 EPUB
Insung Jung 1-25
Are online learners frustrated with collaborative learning experiences? HTML PDF MP3 EPUB
Neus Capdeferro, Margarida Romero 26-44
Examining the reuse of open textbooks HTML PDF MP3 EPUB
John Levi Hilton III, Neil Lutz, David Wiley 45-58
Conceptual framework for parametrically measuring the desirability of open educational resources using D-index HTML PDF MP3 EPUB
Ishan Sudeera Abeywardena, S Raviraja, Choy Yoong Tham 59-76
Contradictions in a distance course for a marginalized population at a Middle Eastern university HTML PDF MP3 EPUB
Irshat Madyarov, Aida Taef 77-100
The relationship between flexible and self-regulated learning in open and distance universities HTML PDF MP3 EPUB
Per Bernard Bergamin, Simone Ziska, Egon Werlen, Eva Siegenthaler 101-123
“Everybody is their own island”: Teacher disconnection in a virtual school HTML PDF MP3 EPUB
Abigail Hawkins, Michael K Barbour, Charles R Graham 124-144
Building an inclusive definition of e-learning: An approach to the conceptual framework HTML PDF MP3 EPUB
Albert Sangrà, Dimitrios Vlachopoulos, Nati Cabrera 145-159
Determining the feasibility of an e-portfolio application in a distance education teaching practice course HTML PDF MP3 EPUB
Ilknur Kecik, Belgin Aydin, Nurhan Sakar, Mine Dikdere, Sinan Aydin, Ilknur Yuksel, Mustafa Caner 160-180

Field Notes

Developing and deploying OERs in sub-Saharan Africa: Building on the present HTML PDF MP3 EPUB
Clayton R Wright, Sunday Reju 181-220
Assessment of challenges in developing self-instructional course materials at the National Open University of Nigeria HTML PDF MP3 EPUB
Charity Akuadi Okonkwo 221-231

Leadership in Open and Distance Learning Notes

Editorial: Who needs leadership? Social problems, change, and education futures HTML PDF MP3 EPUB
Marti Cleveland-Innes 232-235
Educational leadership for e-learning in the healthcare workplace HTML PDF MP3 EPUB
Dorothy (Willy) Fahlman 236-246

Follow the Sun 2012 Schedule now online

Last year I was asked to do a keynote talk for the FollowtheSun conference that had been founded three years ago by Prof. Gilly Salmon, then at the University of Leicester in the UK. The idea was to be a part of  an online conference that mirrored a typical academic/professional conference with keynotes, trade show, demos, poster sessions etc. My presentation went OK, but I wasn’t sitting up and participating for 48 hours!

I’ve been interested in online conference for many years (insert plug for 2011 book by Lynne Anderson and myself Online Conferences: Professional Development for a Networked Era), but the idea of 48 hours, continuous seemed a bit much, even for a conference junky like myself.

However this year, George Siemens and I were asked to gather a team and host the North American section of the conference from Athabasca University.  As many of you know, George is not very good at saying ‘no’ and I’m not much better, so together with colleagues Marti Cleveland-Innes and Bob Heller and other staff at Athabasca, we have organized two 8 hours sessions of the conference. We managed to persuade the other sponsoring teams (from University of Leicester, UK and the University of Southern Queensland, Australia, to make this an open conference, thus allowing free registration for all. Ironically the largest expense during the first two Followthe Sun conferences was the administrative cost of collecting the registration fees from delegates!

Thus, on March 28 and March 29 between 9:00 and 5:00 PM Mountain time (check out other times from other continents here or local times here), we have lined up two full days of really top quality speakers, demonstrations and expert panels. You can check out the schedule and most importantly Register at tinyurl.com/followthesun

If you haven’t had enough “conference’ from the North American sessions, well, you can begin 16 hours earlier  from Australia and the UK, and just keep right on conferencing for 48 hours straight!!  The sessions will be delivered via Blackboard Collaborate (the old Elluminate platform) and hosted by some well known figures in the elearning world, including  George Siemens, Grainne Canole, Gilly Salmon, myself  and others.

The theme of this year’s conference is Knowledge Futures, and we have tried to keep away from having keynotes be the usual ed tech evangelists. Rather we have selected disciplinary experts who will present, and our discussants will further elaborate, the ways in which knowledge, and thus teaching and learning, is changing across multiple disciplines.

Please check out the full schedule to make sure you hear a keynote in a discipline with which you are interested. These keynotes come from Psychology, Law, Communicatiuons, Ethnomusicology, English Language, Nursing and Midwifery, Sports Psychology, International Relations, Engineering, Computer Science and GeoScience.

I was really pleased to be able to have my friend Erran Cramel from American University in Washington volunteer to windup the conference by reflecting on this type of global event in light of his new book” I’m Working While You’re Sleeping, which as the title suggests, focuses on global business and organizations that “never sleep”.

Please check  out the full program and more importantly – REGISTER at tinyurl.com/followthesun

Alienated from Change11 MOOC

I want to document and maybe provoke a discussion and reflection on last night’s Change 11 web conference with Dave Cormier on Rhizome Learning. I felt pretty alienated and out of place.

But first a few caveats:
1. I like Dave a lot, count him as a friend and find his ideas on Rhizome learning interesting and relevant
2. This was my first synchronous session at Change 2011 MOOC (many mostly, time and priority related issues getting in the way). Thus my alienation may result from my failing to take the time and energy to become accustomed to and grow into the norms of this group/network.
3. The session was one of the most interactive, Elluminate sessions I’ve seen. Dave is a master at both creating the context through his slides and allowing comments to flow fast and furious.

However…..
One of the first slides Dave asked what was the purpose of education. There was about 30 replies entered onto the slide. Many like “create workers”, “babysit kids”, “create soldiers”, “give a space for teachers to endless repeat stories from their youth” and many more reflecting a distinctly EduPunk interpretation of the stuff of Hidden Curriculum critique of formal education system. But not a single comment about education being responsible for and or even associated with learning. This struck me as odd (and alienating) for three reasons.

First, likely all of the participants (including Dave and myself) are products of, and beneficiaries of a variety of educational systems. In fact, many of us participating in the MOOC are the teachers or administrators running or at least participating in formal education systems, and thus the very enemy being bashed. I do not deny the culture homogenizing influence of education systems but look at all the definitions of education from dictionary.com:
– 1. the act or process of imparting or acquiring general knowledge, developing the powers of reasoning and judgment, and generally of preparing oneself or others intellectually for mature life.
– 2.the act or process of imparting or acquiring particular knowledge or skills, as for a profession.
– 3.a degree, level, or kind of schooling: a university education.
– 4.the result produced by instruction, training, or study: to show one’s education.
– 5.the science or art of teaching; pedagogics.

The conversation seemed to focus (and get stuck on #4 alone), whereas I like to think of number #1 and work to develop #5.

Second, I’ve spent 2/3 of my adult life trying to improve access to education through various distance education institutions, technologies and systems. My motives are certainly not to create soldiers or workers, but to expand opportunity and give people real choices. Sure, education does lead to better jobs, but it also leads to better understanding and management of our global environment, release of and development of creative juices, as evidenced by the formal education of almost all of the interesting and important cultural, artistic and philosophical leaders, models and trend setters. I recognize that education is a two edged sword and can also stamp out creativity, as evidenced by studies of changes in school aged children – but it also provides a context for students to learn how to create, think and get along with and tend the various weeds (personal and institutional) in our gardens. Education, like other institutional systems both creates and is created by individual and social hierarchies. You can also see that children don’t generally get any more creative when they are denied opportunity to go to school – maybe just the opposite. Except of course if they are the children of or exposed to educated adults or others with large (and often uncommon) personal gifts and abilities

Third, I like others am attracted to the romantic notion of the Nomad. During my 20’s and on, I spent 15 years on a homestead in Northern Alberta, so I am quite familiar with the value and sense of freedom of living outside the mainstream society, but I still had to learn (pre-Internet days) how to research, argue, support and protect that alternative lifestyle – and I was grateful for the formal education tools and skills that I had available and sadly were not, to many of my rural and First Nation neighbours. I also have seen the marginalized and not very pleasant or sustaining lifestyles of modern Bedouin communities in Jordon and Oman and Roma communities of nomads in many countries of Europe. Sure, they have at least equal doses of culture and maybe more creativity than others, but they suffer from all sorts of challenges, not least of which are health issues and the lack of educational opportunity for their kids. If you talk to these nomads, you will find that many of them have high aspirations and regrets about their own lack of education and make great efforts to provide educational opportunities to own children – and not just because they want them to be good factory workers or soldiers. One might also ask are the ecology, anti-war, Arab Spring, social, charitable and volunteer services that are trying to build and mend our world populated by educated people or by Nomads? I refrain from using the the older term of ‘learned people’, because I appreciate the distinction made between learning and education – but I don’t deny the correlation.

Finally, I realized last night how “out of it” I am in regard to skill using Blackboard, graphics, Twitter and other PLEs as compared to many of the Change participants. This is OK, as I am old fart (61 years) and I am at the stage of life, where I don’t feel compelled to keep up with all the new technologies and the skills required to exploit them. But I am light years ahead of most of my generation (Stephen notwithstanding!) and thus I see the EduPunk culture becoming a very exclusionary technocracy. And to be frank, not one that I really aspire to join. Maybe Moocs are its ‘educational schoolrooms’.

I belief connectivism has much to say to formal education systems, but change is a very complex and needs many advocates and workers – both in the trenches and by Nomads. If we really want to CHANGE systems, we have to insure that we don’t grow as rhizomes, reproducing clones of ourselves or establishing gardens in which only certain types of weeds can flourish.

Cartagenia de Indias, Columbia

Cartagenia de Indias, Columbia

I was honoured to be asked to do a keynote at the 2nd Congresso Mundial de E-Learning sponsored by the Universidad National Aberta y a Distance (Columbia’s Open University). The conference was held in one of the oldest and perhaps most well maintained  historic ports of the Spanish Main.

The Congresso started 90 minutes late, because the Internet connection to that part of the town was severed by tram construction. I thought at first that this was pretty odd to hold up a F2F conference for the Internet, not realizing that they had a few hundred paying registrants online and in Second Life. But I found that time-lines aren’t really hard in Columbia anyways!

There were about 900 delegates and they all seemed to know the words to the stirring martial music of the National anthem, the state anthem and UNAD school anthem. Someone I can’t imagine a stirring, trumpet filled anthem (with everyone singing) at a Canadian University event (do any of our Universities even have anthems??). Next came the official greetings by the Mayor and various Ministry officials. I was quite thrilled to be given the keys to the City (literally a big brass key!!)  but I didn’t manage to find any banks or chests of Spanish doubloons to which the key would fit.Read More

Another edition of IRRODL

I’m pleased to share below the Table of Content for issue 12(6) of the International Review of Open and Distance Learning.

This issue has 10 research articles and 4 book reviews. When you go the IRRODL site, you will see that we are adding graphical enhancements – including  anew colour scheme, photos of the first authors, snaps of book covers and updates to  special issues.

Remember the price is right to subscribe – Free.

Enjoy.

Table of ContentsEditorial

Editorial
Terry Anderson

Research Articles

The importance of interaction for academic success in online courses with hearing, deaf, and hard-of-hearing students
Gary L Long, Carol Marchetti, Richard Fasse
Examining motivation in online distance learning environments: Complex, multifaceted and situation-dependent
Maggie Hartnett, Alison St. George, Jon Dron
Factors that impact student usage of the learning management system in Qatari schools
Ramzi Nasser, Maha Cherif, Michael Romanowski
Quality assurance in Asian distance education: Diverse approaches and common culture
Insung Jung, Tat Meng Wong, Chen Li, Sanjaa Baigaltugs, Tian Belawati
Literacy at a distance in multilingual contexts: Issues and challenges
Christine I Ofulue
Distance students’ readiness for social media and collaboration
Bruno Poellhuber, Terry Anderson
Applying the community of inquiry framework to an online professional practice doctoral program
Swapna Kumar, Kara Dawson, Erik W Black, Catherine Cavanaugh, Christopher D Sessums
Applying constructionist principles to online teacher professional development
Nathaniel Mark Ostashewski, Doug Reid, Susan Moisey
ODL and the impact of digital divide on information access in Botswana
Olugbade Oladokun, Lenrie Aina
Increased technology provision and learning: Giving more for nothing?
Emmanuelle Quillerou

 

Book Notes

Book Review – The Perfect Online Course: Best Practices for Designing and Teaching

Marta Ruiz-Corbella

Book review – Bridging the knowledge divide: Educational technology for development
Aminudin Zuhairi

Book review – Web 2.0-based e-learning: Applying social informatics for tertiary teaching

Juan Leon
Book review – Learning with digital games: A practical guide to engaging students in higher education
Maja Pivec